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| 分析发现公元前15世纪的埃及纺织品上有金属油墨|《科学报告》 |
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论文标题：Egyptian metallic inks on textiles from the 15th century BCE unravelled by non-invasive techniques and chemometric analysis
期刊：Scientific Reports
作者：G. Festa, T. Christiansen, V. Turina, M. Borla, J. Kelleher, L. Arcidiacono, L. Cartechini, R. C. Ponterio, C. Scatigno, R. Senesi, C. Andreani
发表时间：2019/05/13
数字识别码： 10.1038/s41598-019-43655-z
原文链接：http://t.cn/AiKsYM5p
黑色油墨技术的发展使书写成为了历史上既定的交流方式。目前有大量的研究着重于探索古埃及墓墙装饰、室内陈设以及在莎草纸上书写时所使用的颜料和染料。但很少有研究关注古埃及宗教和日用纺织品上使用的油墨的特性与技术。而这可能就是莎草纸或羊皮卷轴上所用金属油墨技术的前身。
近期，在发表于Scientific Reports上的Egyptian metallic inks on textiles from the 15th century BCE unravelled by non-invasive techniques and chemometric analysis一文中，来自意大利Centro Fermi研究所的G. Festa及同事发现了公元前15世纪古埃及纺织品上所使用的油墨，研究者们使用了多种无创分析技术，包括紫外线（ultraviolet, UV）反射成像、近红外反射（near-infrared reflectography, NIRR）、X射线荧光（X-ray fluorescence, XRF）光谱、拉曼光谱和瞬发γ激活分析（prompt-gamma-activation-analysis, PGAA）。
研究者认为这种油墨与公元前3世纪引入的鞣酸亚铁类墨水有关。这一论点为更早期古埃及人在纺织品上所使用的书写技术勾勒了基本框架，因此也为古代地中海文化中，媒染墨水的起源提供了新的信息。该研究为未来对纺织品进行更深入完善的研究，以及进一步明确古代金属油墨的起源，提供了一个新起点。
摘要：The development of black inks has enabled writing to become an established method of communication in history. Although a large research effort has been devoted to the study of pigments and dyes used in ancient Egypt to decorate burial walls and furnishings, or to write on papyrus, to date little attention has been paid to the nature and technology of inks used on ritual and daily-use textiles, which may have fostered the transfer of metallic ink technology onto papyrus and parchment supports. We report about inks from 15th century BCE Egyptian textiles by combining non-invasive techniques, including ultraviolet (UV) reflected imaging, near-infrared reflectography (NIRR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and prompt-gamma-activation-analysis (PGAA). It is argued that the inks are related to the family of iron gall inks, whose introduction is commonly attributed to the third century BCE. This interpretation frames the technology of writing on fabrics, used by the ancient Egyptians, in a different time, thus providing new information on the genesis of mordant inks in the ancient Mediterranean cultures. We anticipate our study to be a starting point for further and more sophisticated investigations of textiles, which will clarify the origin of metallic ink in the ancient world.
阅读论文全文请访问：http://t.cn/AiKsYM5p
期刊介绍：Scientific Reports(https://www.nature.com/srep/) is an online, open access journal from the publishers of Nature. We publish scientifically valid primary research from all areas of the natural and clinical sciences.
The 2017 journal metrics for Scientific Reports are as follows:
•2-year impact factor: 4.122
•5-year impact factor: 4.609
•Immediacy index: 0.576
•Eigenfactor® score: 0.71896
•Article Influence Score: 1.356
•2-year Median: 2
（来源：科学网）
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