论文标题：Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of severe burn patients: results of a retrospective multicenter study in China, 2011–2015

期刊：Burns & Trauma

作者：Hao Tian et al

发表时间： 2018/5/23

数字识别码：10.1186/s41038-018-0118-z

原文链接：https://burnstrauma.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41038-018-0118-z?utm_source=WeChat&utm_medium=Social_media_organic&utm_content=DaiDen-BMC-Burns_and_Trauma-Muscular_System-China&utm_campaign=AJH_USG_BSCN_DD_BAT_ARTICLE

烧伤的发生率和严重程度是全球重大公共卫生危机之一。在中国等发展中国家建立全国性多中心烧伤数据库对于了解烧伤流行病学至关重要。最近发表在Burns＆Trauma的一项研究，利用了涵盖8家中国医院的烧伤数据库资料，是第一个描述中国严重烧伤患者流行病学和临床特征的多中心研究。来听听文章的第一作者Hao Tian博士的介绍：

烧伤后康复，西南医院烧伤研究所

烧伤是全球意外死亡的第四大原因，全球每年有6700万人被烧伤，其中300万人因此死亡。超过95％的致命烧伤发生在发展中国家。烧伤事件发生率之高足以引起密切关注，特别是在中国这样一个人口众多（超过14亿）和且地域发展极不平衡的国家。

本研究旨在降低烧伤发生率。我们进行的严重烧伤的流行病学研究使用了涵盖中国8家医院烧伤病房住院患者病历的数据库。使用数据库有助于加强数据监控、检测数据准确性以及改善烧伤研究其他方面问题。不幸的是，目前中国尚未建立全国范围的烧伤数据库和存储库。

这是第一个描述中国严重烧伤患者流行病学和临床特征的多中心研究。这项为期5年的回顾性研究结果显示：

• 烫伤是严重烧伤患者中最常见的热损伤，其次是火焰灼伤；

• 照顾6岁以下儿童和老年人的护理人员需要更加谨慎，避免照料对象在家中被烧伤；

• 夏季（6、7、8月）是烧伤的高发季节；

• 严重烧伤更易发生在四肢，导致瘢痕、畸形和功能性丧失。

基于这些流行病学特征，可以制定个体化的烧伤预防和治疗策略。 烧伤防治项目可以采取的措施包括加强健康宣教、儿童监管和劳动保护等——所有这些措施都能降低烧伤发生率。

在病因和性别分布角度，此项中国研究的结论与之前北美，欧洲和澳大利亚高度工业化国家的研究相似。此外，中国和发达国家烧伤的发生率和死亡率均呈现下降趋势。

在高度工业化国家，烧伤病人中儿童和老年人占了近一半，但在中国，严重烧伤患者主要是青壮年。此外，由于医疗条件优越，高度工业化国家烧伤患者平均住院时间较短，死亡率较低。

将中国与其他发展中国家严重烧伤的流行病学进行比较具有十分重要的意义，但发展中国家的国家注册登记体系尚未完善甚至完全没有建立。由于发展中国家在社会经济、后勤甚至文化方面存在巨大差异，因此无法得出有力的结论。

建立多中心数据库预示了烧伤流行病学研究的未来趋势，即在中国等发展中国建建立全国烧伤数据储存库，最终建立全球性数据库。

摘要：

Background

Severe burns injury is a serious pathology, leading to teratogenicity and significant mortality, and it also has a long-term social impact. The aim of this article is to describe the hospitalized population with severe burns injuries in eight burn centers in China between 2011 and 2015 and to suggest future preventive strategies.

Methods

This 5-year retrospective review included all patients with severe burns in a database at eight institutions. The data collected included gender, age, month distribution, etiology, location, presence of inhalation injury, total burn surface area, depth of the burn, the length of hospitalization, and mortality. SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the data.

Results

A total of 1126 patients were included: 803 (71.3%) male patients and 323 (28.7%) female patients. Scalds were the most common cause of burns (476, 42.27%), followed by fire (457, 40.59%). The extremities were the most frequently affected areas, followed by the trunk. The median length of hospitalization was 30 (15, 52) days. The overall mortality rate was 14.21%.

Conclusions

Although medical centers have devoted intensive resources to improving the survival rates of burn patients, expenditures for prevention and education programs are minimal. Our findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the importance of prevention and the reduction of injury severity. This study may contribute to the establishment of a nationwide burn database and the elaboration of strategies to prevent severe burns injury.

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https://burnstrauma.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41038-018-0118-z?utm_source=WeChat&utm_medium=Social_media_organic&utm_content=DaiDen-BMC-Burns_and_Trauma-Muscular_System-China&utm_campaign=AJH_USG_BSCN_DD_BAT_ARTICLE

期刊介绍：Burns & Trauma is an open access, peer-reviewed journal publishing the latest developments in basic, clinical and translational research related to burns and traumatic injuries. With a special focus on prevention efforts, clinical treatment and basic research in developing countries, the journal welcomes submissions in various aspects of biomaterials, tissue engineering, stem cells, critical care, immunobiology, skin transplantation, prevention and regeneration of burns and trauma injury.

来源：科学网