论文标题：Grey and white matter volumes either in treatment-naïve or hormone-treated transgender women: a voxel-based morphometry study
期刊：Scientific Reports
作者：Giancarlo Spizzirri, Fábio Luis Souza Duran, Tiffany Moukbel Chaim-Avancini, Mauricio Henriques Serpa, Mikael Cavallet, Carla Maria Abreu Pereira, Pedro Paim Santos, Paula Squarzoni, Naomi Antunes da Costa, Geraldo F. Busatto, Carmita Helena Najjar Abdo
发表时间：2018/01/15
数字识别码： 10.1038/s41598-017-17563-z
原文链接：http://t.cn/EL5XGlK
许多先前的磁共振成像（MRI-magnetic resonance imaging）研究报道了大脑形态的性别差异，但迄今为止，很少有研究关注跨性别女性（TW-transgender women）的大脑形态差异，跨性别女性的出生性别为男性，同时被诊断为性别焦虑。Scientific Reports发表的一篇研究Grey and white matter volumes either in treatment-naïve or hormone-treated transgender women: a voxel-based morphometry study对这一问题进行了探索。
巴西圣保罗大学医学院的Giancarlo Spizzirri及其团队收集了以下四组人群（共80人）的MRI-T1序列数据：未经治疗的跨性别女性、经过至少一年性激素治疗的跨性别女性、普通男性和普通女性（普通性别均作为对照）。研究人员使用了基于体素（voxel）的形态测定法测量了全脑和局部白质体积和灰质体积（GMV-grey matter volume）的差异。他们发现，和经过治疗的跨性别女性及普通男性相比，普通女性的全脑容量和大部分后上额叶皮质区域的GMV均相对较小。和普通女性相比，两个跨性别组双侧岛叶的GMV明显降低。
研究结果强调了两个跨性别组群中的岛叶差异。这种差异可能是跨性别女性的特征。岛叶的改变可能与身体感知相关的神经网络有关，并反映了与性别焦虑相关的压力与不安。
图1：结果显示跨性别女性双侧岛叶灰质体积明显减小，黄色高亮部分：（a）未经治疗的TW与普通女性组比较和（b）性激素治疗后TW与普通女性组比较。
摘要：Many previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have documented sex differences in brain morphology, but the patterns of sexual brain differences in transgender women – male sex assigned at birth – with a diagnosis of gender dysphoria (TW) have been rarely investigated to date. We acquired T1-weighted MRI data for the following four (n = 80) groups: treatment-naïve TW (TNTW), TW treated with cross-sex hormones for at least one year (TTW), cisgender men, and cisgender women (cisgender individuals as controls). Differences in whole-brain and regional white matter volume and grey matter volume (GMV) were assessed using voxel-based morphometry. We found lower global brain volumes and regional GMVs in a large portion of the posterior-superior frontal cortex in the cisgender women group than in the TTW and cisgender men groups. Additionally, both transgender groups exhibited lower bilateral insular GMVs than the cisgender women group. Our results highlight differences in the insula in both transgender groups; such differences may be characteristic of TW. Furthermore, these alterations in the insula could be related to the neural network of body perception and reflect the distress that accompanies gender dysphoria.
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期刊介绍：Scientific Reports(https://www.nature.com/srep/) is an online, open access journal from the publishers of Nature. We publish scientifically valid primary research from all areas of the natural and clinical sciences.
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（来源：科学网）
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