2026年10月28日，奥地利因斯布鲁克大学Carmen Morawetz等科学家在《自然》发表研究，发现情绪调节能力缺乏共享的神经特征。

认知重评是指改变一个人对情境的思考方式，以改变其情绪影响。它对幸福感至关重要，并涉及前额叶调控回路，这促使人们假设这些回路的活动反映了一个人调节情绪的能力。然而，支持这一假设的证据仍无定论，且尚未在大规模研究中得到确立。在此，研究人员在一个预注册联盟中分析了40个任务态功能磁共振成像数据集，共纳入2,175名参与者，结果表明，三种广泛使用的重评能力指标——特质问卷、任务态情感评分和杏仁核下调——并未汇聚于一个共同核心。此外，这三种指标均未显示出与经典前额叶调控回路的预期关联。特质问卷在全脑未检测到神经关联，而任务态情感评分则与杏仁核和感觉运动皮层的反应相关。在过程层面，经典控制回路在情绪产生和重评期间均被激活，这挑战了其被推定对情绪调节具有特异性的观点。这些发现告诫人们，不要利用推定调控脑区的激活来推断一个人调节情绪的能力，并对将情绪调节困难与特定区域脑缺陷联系起来的神经生物标志物、干预措施和心理教育具有启示意义。

附：英文原文

Title: Emotion regulation capacity lacks a shared neural signature

Author: Sicorello, Maurizio, Zaehringer, Jenny, Kraynak, Thomas E., Gianaros, Peter J., Nebe, Stephan, Paschke, Lena M., Steimke, Rosa, Stelzel, Christine, Walter, Henrik, LaBar, Kevin S., Graner, John L., Kim, Sang Hee, Wessa, Michle, Sandner, Magdalena, Weinmar, Franziska, Derntl, Birgit, Huneke, Nathan T. M., Fagan, Harry A., Fernndez, Guilln, Yan, Linlin, Marn-Morales, Agar, Verdejo-Romn, Juan, Steward, Trevor, Harrison, Ben J., Davey, Christopher G., Drfel, Denise, Neta, Maital, Pierce, Jordan, Stolz, David S., Kissler, Johanna, Benzait, Anissa, Erk, Susanne, Berboth, Stella, van Reekum, Carien M., Tupitsa, Emma, Bratec, Satja Mulej, Sorg, Christian, Mller-Pinzler, Laura, Sokoowski, Andrzej, Dragan, Wojciech ., Folkierska-ukowska, Monika, Jentsch, Valerie L., Merz, Christian J., Scheffel, Christoph, Diers, Kersten, Nashiro, Kaoru, Min, Jungwon, Mather, Mara, Heinke, Steve, Grtner, Anne, McRae, Kateri, Powers, John P., Doren, Nick, Maier, Silvia U., Dziobek, Isabel, Guendelman, Simn, Gaebler, Michael, Daniels, Judith K., Burghart, Matthias, Schmidt, Stephanie N. L., Hofhansel, Lena, Habel, Ute, Kohn, Nils

Issue&Volume: 2026-10-28

Abstract: Cognitive reappraisal refers to changing how one thinks about a situation to alter its emotional impact. It is central to well-being1 and engages prefrontal regulatory circuits2, prompting the assumption that their activity reflects a person’s capacity to regulate emotions3,4,5. Yet evidence for this assumption remains inconclusive and has not been established at scale. Here we analysed 40 task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets in a preregistered consortium with 2,175 participants and show that three widely used indicators of reappraisal capacity—trait questionnaires, task-based affective ratings and amygdala down-regulation—do not converge on a common core. Moreover, none of the three indicators showed the expected association with canonical prefrontal regulatory circuits. Trait questionnaires showed no detectable neural associations across the brain and task-based affective ratings were instead associated with responses in the amygdala and sensorimotor cortices. At the process level, canonical control circuits were engaged during both emotion generation and reappraisal, challenging their presumed specificity for emotion regulation. These findings caution against using activation in putatively regulatory brain regions to infer how well a person regulates emotions, with implications for neural biomarkers, interventions and psychoeducation that link emotion regulation difficulties to specific regional brain deficits.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-11203-1

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-11203-1