南京信息工程大学胡建林教授团队最新的研究显示，由温度引起的人为挥发性有机化合物的排放，导致热浪中城市臭氧增加。2025年1月2日出版的《自然—地球科学》杂志发表了这项成果。
研究人员基于环境测量、排放测试和空气质量模型，探明了上海热浪期间非燃烧AVOC排放（例如，来自挥发性化学产品）的增加对O3的增加有显著贡献。当温度从25℃升高到35℃时，由于空气停滞和排放增加，AVOC浓度会增加约两倍。在热浪期间，较高的浓度导致VOC OH反应性增加82%。空气质量模拟表明，温度驱动的AVOC排放增加占反应性增加的8% (1.6s-1)，并使O3增加4.6ppb。
此外，研究人员预测含氧VOCs的OH反应活性会有更显著的增加（两倍），从而促进自由基的产生和O3的形成。在热浪期间，中国东部大城市的AVOC排放增加导致O3增加，全球其他对AVOC敏感的特大城市也可能发生类似的影响。研究结果强调，减少AVOC排放，特别是目前尚不了解和监管的非燃烧源的排放，可以减轻热浪期间城市环境中潜在的O3污染。
据了解，城市臭氧（O3）污染与温度有关，热浪期间O3通常会升高，并威胁公众健康。然而，关于人为挥发性有机化合物（AVOC）前体排放如何随温度变化的数据有限，阻碍了人们理解其对O3的影响程度。
附：英文原文
Title: Increased urban ozone in heatwaves due to temperature-induced emissions of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds
Author: Qin, Momei, She, Yongliang, Wang, Ming, Wang, Hongli, Chang, Yunhua, Tan, Zhaofeng, An, Jingyu, Huang, Jian, Yuan, Zibing, Lu, Jun, Wang, Qian, Liu, Cong, Liu, Zhenxin, Xie, Xiaodong, Li, Jingyi, Liao, Hong, Pye, Havala O. T., Huang, Cheng, Guo, Song, Hu, Min, Zhang, Yuanhang, Jacob, Daniel J., Hu, Jianlin
Issue&Volume: 2025-01-02
Abstract: Urban ozone (O3) pollution correlates with temperature, and higher O3 often occurs during heatwaves, threatening public health. However, limited data on how anthropogenic volatile organic compound (AVOC) precursor emissions vary with temperature hinders understanding their impact on O3. Here we show that the increase in non-combustion AVOC emissions (for example, from volatile chemical products) during a heatwave in Shanghai contributes significantly to increased O3, on the basis of ambient measurements, emissions testing and air quality modelling. AVOC concentrations increase ~twofold when the temperature increases from 25°C to 35°C due to air stagnation and increased emissions. During the heatwave, higher concentrations result in an 82% increase in VOC OH reactivity. Air quality simulations reveal that temperature-driven AVOC emissions increases account for 8% (1.6s–1) of this reactivity increase and enhance O3 by 4.6ppb. Moreover, we predict a more profound (twofold) increase in OH reactivity of oxygenated VOCs, facilitating radical production and O3 formation. Enhanced AVOC emissions trigger O3 enhancements in large cities in East China during a heatwave, and similar effects may also happen in other AVOC-sensitive megacities globally. Reducing AVOC emissions, particularly non-combustion sources, which are currently less understood and regulated, could mitigate potential O3 pollution in urban environments during heatwaves.
DOI: 10.1038/s41561-024-01608-w
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-024-01608-w