德国汉堡大学Nicolaas Glock研究组的最新研究揭示了有孔虫体内磷酸盐储存的广泛存在及其相关性。相关论文于2025年1月15日发表于国际学术期刊《自然》杂志。

研究人员发现从潮滩到深海的有孔虫体内都储存有磷酸盐。瓦登海（Wadden Sea）底栖有孔虫Ammonia confertitesta在藻华期间，储存的细胞内磷酸盐总量高达德国磷化肥年消耗量的5%左右。对北海南部和秘鲁最小含氧区的预算计算表明，底栖有孔虫可在北海南部缓冲河流磷径流约37天，在秘鲁边缘缓冲约21天。

这表明，这些生物可能与海洋磷循环有关-它们有可能受缓冲沿岸环境中人为富营养化的影响。磷酸盐以多磷酸盐的形式储存在细胞器中，这些细胞器可能是酸性钙化体。它们的新陈代谢功能包括调节渗透压和细胞内pH值，以及储存钙和能量。此外，储存高能P化合物（如磷酸肌酸和多磷酸）可能是有孔虫对氧气耗竭的一种适应。

据介绍，有孔虫是一种广泛存在的海洋原生动物，可在其细胞内积聚磷酸盐，磷酸盐是海洋生态系统和可能由肥料泄漏到海洋的重要宏量营养元素。细胞内的磷酸盐浓度可比周围水体高出100-1000倍。

附：英文原文

Title: Widespread occurrence and relevance of phosphate storage in foraminifera

Author: Glock, Nicolaas, Richirt, Julien, Woehle, Christian, Algar, Christopher, Armstrong, Maria, Eichner, Daniela, Firrincieli, Hanna, Makabe, Akiko, Govindankutty Menon, Anjaly, Ishitani, Yoshiyuki, Hackl, Thomas, Hubert-Huard, Raphal, Kienast, Markus, Milker, Yvonne, Mutzberg, Andr, Ni, Sha, Okada, Satoshi, Rakshit, Subhadeep, Schmiedl, Gerhard, Steiner, Zvi, Tame, Akihiro, Zhang, Zhouling, Nomaki, Hidetaka

Issue&Volume: 2025-01-15

Abstract: Foraminifera are ubiquitous marine protists that intracellularly accumulate phosphate1, an important macronutrient in marine ecosystems and in fertilizer potentially leaked into the ocean. Intracellular phosphate concentrations can be 100–1,000times higher than in the surrounding water1. Here we show that phosphate storage in foraminifera is widespread, from tidal flats to the deep sea. The total amount of intracellular phosphate stored in the benthic foraminifer Ammonia confertitesta in the Wadden Sea during a bloom is as high as around 5% of the annual consumption of phosphorus (P) fertilizer in Germany. Budget calculations for the Southern North Sea and the Peruvian Oxygen Minimum Zone indicate that benthic foraminifera may buffer riverine P runoff for approximately 37days at the Southern North Sea and for about 21days at the Peruvian margin. This indicates that these organisms are probably relevant for marine P cycling—they potentially buffer anthropogenic eutrophication in coastal environments. Phosphate is stored as polyphosphate in cell organelles that are potentially acidocalcisomes. Their metabolic functions can range from regulation of osmotic pressure and intracellular pH to calcium and energy storage. In addition, storage of energetic P compounds, such as creatine phosphate and polyphosphate, is probably an adaptation of foraminifera to O2 depletion.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08431-8

Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08431-8