中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所Hongyan Guo小组发现，S-亚硫酰化介导的GSNOR1活性抑制调控拟南芥胚珠发育。相关论文于2025年1月16日在线发表在《遗传学报》上。

研究人员表示，活性氧物种（ROS）和一氧化氮（NO）是调控植物发育和应激反应的两类重要信号分子。S-硝基谷胱甘肽（GSNO）是主要的生物活性NO物质，其细胞内水平由高度保守的GSNO还原酶（GSNOR）调控。然而，ROS介导的GSNOR调控的分子机制仍然大量未解。

研究人员展示了H₂O₂在拟南芥胚珠发育过程中负向调控GSNOR1活性。GSNOR1在Cys-284位点的S-亚硫酰化抑制了其酶活性。GSNOR1^C284S突变导致雌蕊中总SNO水平的下降，从而破坏NO稳态，最终导致胚珠发育缺陷。

这些发现揭示了一种独特的机制，ROS通过S-亚硫酰化介导的GSNOR活性抑制调控胚珠发育，从而建立了ROS和NO信号通路在生殖发育中的分子联系。

附：英文原文

Title: S-Sulfenylation-mediated inhibition of the GSNOR1 activity regulates ovule development in Arabidopsis

Author: Hongyan Guo a

Issue&Volume: 2025/01/16

Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are two critical classes of signaling molecules that regulate plant development and stress responses. The intracellular level of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a major bioactive NO species, is regulated by the highly conserved GSNO reductase (GSNOR). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ROS-mediated regulation of GSNOR remain largely unclear. Here, we show that H2O2 negatively regulates the activity of GSNOR1 during ovule development in Arabidopsis. S-sulfenylation of GSNOR1 at Cys-284 inhibits its enzymatic activity. A GSNOR1C284S mutation causes a reduction of the total SNO level in pistils, thereby disrupting NO homeostasis and eventually leading to defective ovule development. These findings illustrate a unique mechanism by which ROS regulates ovule development through S-sulfenylation-mediated inhibition of the GSNOR activity, thereby establishing a molecular link between ROS and NO signaling pathways in reproductive development.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2025.01.007

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1673852725000220