美国爱因斯坦医学院Robert D. Burk等研究人员合作，揭示了青少年和年轻女性宫颈阴道微生物群与沙眼衣原体的自然历史。2025年1月15日，《细胞》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员探讨了宫颈阴道微生物群（CVM）对黑人和西班牙裔青少年，及年轻女性沙眼衣原体（CT）感染的影响。研究人员共招募了187名发生CT感染的女性，并与373名对照组匹配，并分析了感染前、感染期间及感染后的CVM特征。

研究结果强调，一种特定亚型的细菌性阴道病（BV），通过使用molBV算法和社区状态类型（CST）聚类从16S rRNA基因序列中鉴定出来，是CT感染的显著风险因素。微生物风险评分（MRS）进一步识别了一些与CT风险增加相关的细菌属。治疗后，与CT感染相关的CVM在不同的病例子集中新出现，导致了再感染。

此外，分析还显示了治疗后CVM与盆腔炎（PID）和流产的发生之间的关系，进一步强调了CVM在CT自然历史中的作用，并突出了其作为治疗靶点的潜力。

附：英文原文

Title: Cervicovaginal microbiome and natural history of Chlamydia trachomatis in adolescents and young women

Author: Mykhaylo Usyk, Luke Carlson, Nicolas F. Schlecht, Christopher C. Sollecito, Evan Grassi, Fanua Wiek, Shankar Viswanathan, Howard D. Strickler, Anne Nucci-Sack, Angela Diaz, Robert D. Burk

Issue&Volume: 2025-01-15

Abstract: This study investigated the cervicovaginal microbiome’s (CVM’s) impact on Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection among Black and Hispanic adolescent and young adult women. A total of 187 women with incident CT were matched to 373 controls, and the CVM was characterized before, during, and after CT infection. The findings highlight that a specific subtype of bacterial vaginosis (BV), identified from 16S rRNA gene reads using the molBV algorithm and community state type (CST) clustering, is a significant risk factor for CT acquisition. A microbial risk score (MRS) further identified a network of bacterial genera associated with increased CT risk. Post treatment, the CVM associated with CT acquisition re-emerged in a different subset of cases leading to reinfection. Additionally, the analysis showed a connection between post-treatment CVM and the development of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and miscarriage, further underscoring the CVM’s contributing role to incident CT natural history and highlighting its consideration as a therapeutic target.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.12.011

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(24)01424-7