日本庆应义塾大学Hiroshi Itoh课题组发现，妊娠期间母体的昼夜节律决定后代的代谢可塑性。2025年1月14日，《细胞—代谢》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员发现妊娠期间的昼夜节律紊乱降低了胎盘和新生儿体重，但仍保留了转录和结构上的成熟。有趣的是，饮食诱导的肥胖在后代的节律紊乱母亲中被加剧，同时伴随着不规律的喂养行为、下丘脑瘦素抵抗和肝脏昼夜节律重编程。

在子宫内的昼夜节律不同步改变了母体与胎儿之间的相位关系，并影响了胎盘的效率。后代的时间性喂养限制未能完全防止肥胖，而将卡路里限制与活跃阶段的开始同步的昼夜节律对齐几乎改善了这一表型。

因此，母体在妊娠期间的昼夜节律赋予了后代代谢功能的适应性特性，并为健康和疾病的发育起源提供了新见解。

研究人员表示，组织层面的节律是由组织内在的生物钟以及来自远端器官和个体行为的网络依赖信号共同实现的。然而，母体在妊娠期间的昼夜节律是否会影响胎儿的节律并对后代面对饮食挑战的长期易感性产生影响，尚未得到探索。

附：英文原文

Title: Maternal circadian rhythms during pregnancy dictate metabolic plasticity in offspring

Author: Na Yao, Kenichiro Kinouchi, Manami Katoh, Kousha Changizi Ashtiani, Sherif Abdelkarim, Hiroyuki Morimoto, Takuto Torimitsu, Takahide Kozuma, Akihide Iwahara, Shotaro Kosugi, Jin Komuro, Kyosuke Kato, Shun Tonomura, Toshifumi Nakamura, Arata Itoh, Shintaro Yamaguchi, Jun Yoshino, Junichiro Irie, Hisayuki Hashimoto, Shinsuke Yuasa, Akiko Satoh, Yohei Mikami, Shusaku Uchida, Takatoshi Ueki, Seitaro Nomura, Pierre Baldi, Kaori Hayashi, Hiroshi Itoh

Issue&Volume: 2025-01-14

Abstract: Tissue-level oscillation is achieved by tissue-intrinsic clocks along with network-dependent signals originating from distal organs and organismal behavior. Yet, it remains unexplored whether maternal circadian rhythms during pregnancy influence fetal rhythms and impact long-term susceptibility to dietary challenges in offspring. Here, we demonstrate that circadian disruption during pregnancy decreased placental and neonatal weight yet retained transcriptional and structural maturation. Intriguingly, diet-induced obesity was exacerbated in parallel with arrhythmic feeding behavior, hypothalamic leptin resistance, and hepatic circadian reprogramming in offspring of chronodisrupted mothers. In utero circadian desynchrony altered the phase-relationship between the mother and fetus and impacted placental efficiency. Temporal feeding restriction in offspring failed to fully prevent obesity, whereas the circadian alignment of caloric restriction with the onset of the active phase virtually ameliorated the phenotype. Thus, maternal circadian rhythms during pregnancy confer adaptive properties to metabolic functions in offspring and provide insights into the developmental origins of health and disease.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.12.002

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(24)00484-4