丹麦哥本哈根大学Maiken Nedergaard研究发现，去甲肾上腺素介导的缓慢血管舒缩驱动睡眠期间的淋巴清除。这一研究成果发表在2025年1月8日出版的国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

该课题组研究人员采用了一系列技术，并确定了去甲肾上腺素、脑血容量和脑脊液（CSF）的紧密同步振荡，是预测NREM睡眠期间胶质淋巴系统清除作用最强的指标。光遗传学刺激蓝斑区引发了血管运动和脑脊液信号的反向变化。

此外，刺激动脉振荡增强脑脊液流入，表明血管舒缩作为泵驱动脑脊液进入大脑。相反，助眠药物唑吡坦抑制去甲肾上腺素振荡和淋巴流动，突出了去甲肾上腺素驱动的血管动力学在脑清除中的关键作用。因此，在去甲肾上腺素波动和血管动力学的驱动下，NREM睡眠的微观结构组织是淋巴清除的关键决定因素。

据悉，当大脑从清醒状态过渡到睡眠时，外部信息的处理减少，而恢复性过程（如通过胶质淋巴系统清除废物）则被激活。然而，目前还不清楚是什么驱动了睡眠期间大脑的清除。

附：英文原文

Title: Norepinephrine-mediated slow vasomotion drives glymphatic clearance during sleep

Author: Natalie L. Hauglund, Mie Andersen, Klaudia Tokarska, Tessa Radovanovic, Celia Kjaerby, Frederikke L. Srensen, Zuzanna Bojarowska, Verena Untiet, Sheyla B. Ballestero, Mie G. Kolmos, Pia Weikop, Hajime Hirase, Maiken Nedergaard

Issue&Volume: 2025-01-08

Abstract: As the brain transitions from wakefulness to sleep, processing of external information diminishes while restorative processes, such as glymphatic removal of waste products, are activated. Yet, it is not known what drives brain clearance during sleep. We here employed an array of technologies and identified tightly synchronized oscillations in norepinephrine, cerebral blood volume, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as the strongest predictors of glymphatic clearance during NREM sleep. Optogenetic stimulation of the locus coeruleus induced anti-correlated changes in vasomotion and CSF signal. Furthermore, stimulation of arterial oscillations enhanced CSF inflow, demonstrating that vasomotion acts as a pump driving CSF into the brain. On the contrary, the sleep aid zolpidem suppressed norepinephrine oscillations and glymphatic flow, highlighting the critical role of norepinephrine-driven vascular dynamics in brain clearance. Thus, the micro-architectural organization of NREM sleep, driven by norepinephrine fluctuations and vascular dynamics, is a key determinant for glymphatic clearance.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.11.027

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(24)01343-6