据介绍，全球海洋覆盖了地球表面的71%，但与陆地、月球、火星和金星相比，海底地图没有得到充分的绘制。传统的海洋测绘使用船载测深和天底点卫星雷达测高——一个在空间覆盖范围上受到限制，另一个空间分辨率有限。
美法NASA-CNES联合研究中心地表水和海洋地形（SWOT）任务使用了联合相位、宽测绘带雷达测高技术，进行高精度的海洋表面高度测量。
结果显示，1年的SWOT数据提供了比30年的卫星最低点海洋重力测高更详细的信息，能够以8公里的空间分辨率探测复杂的海底结构。
这项任务仍在进行中，SWOT有望为深海制图、构造板块重建、水下导航和深海混合提供关键的见解。
附：英文原文
Title: Abyssal marine tectonics from the SWOT mission
Author: Yao Yu, David T. Sandwell, Gerald Dibarboure
Issue&Volume: 2024-12-13
Abstract: The global ocean covers 71% of Earth’s surface, yet the seafloor is poorly charted compared with land, the Moon, Mars, and Venus. Traditional ocean mapping uses ship-based soundings and nadir satellite radar altimetry—one limited in spatial coverage and the other in spatial resolution. The joint NASA–CNES (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales) Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission uses phase-coherent, wide-swath radar altimetry to measure ocean surface heights at high precision. We show that 1 year of SWOT data offers more detailed information than 30 years of satellite nadir altimetry in marine gravity, enabling the detection of intricate seafloor structures at 8-kilometer spatial resolution. With the mission still ongoing, SWOT promises critical insights for bathymetric charting, tectonic plate reconstruction, underwater navigation, and deep ocean mixing.
DOI: ads4472
Source:https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads4472